Worksheet Grade 8 – Unit 2

AI Ethics and Copyright Assessment

     Amid growing concerns from artists, writers, and other creators about AI models infringing on their copyrighted works, recent research has found that top AI models generate copyrighted content at an alarmingly high rate. Patronus AI, a startup founded by former Meta researchers, released a tool called CopyrightCatcher on Wednesday to detect potential copyright violations in large language models (LLMs).
     The company evaluated four major AI models: OpenAI’s GPT-4, Anthropic’s Claude 2.1, Mistral’s Mixtral, and Meta’s Llama 2. Of these, GPT-4 generated the most copyrighted content at 44% of the prompts, followed by Mixtral at 22%, Llama 2 at 10%, and Claude 2.1 at 8%. Patronus AI tested these models using books under copyright, including Gone Girl by Gillian Flynn and A Game of Thrones by George R.R. Martin. While some generations may fall under fair use in the U.S., GPT-4 completed book texts 60% of the time and generated the first passage 26% of the time. Mixtral generated the first passage 38% of the time and completed texts 6% of the time. Llama 2 generated both first passages and completed texts 10% of the time, while Claude 2.1 completed texts 16% of the time and generated the first passage 0% of the time.
     Rebecca Qian, cofounder and chief technology officer at Patronus AI, expressed surprise that GPT-4, widely regarded as the most powerful model, produced copyrighted content on 44% of constructed prompts. OpenAI, Mistral, Meta, and Anthropic did not immediately respond to requests for comment. Patronus AI emphasized the importance of detecting these reproductions to avoid legal risks and protect company reputations, noting that LLMs, which are trained on data including copyrighted works, can easily generate exact reproductions.

Question 1: What is the main purpose of Patronus AI's tool Copyright Catcher?

AI Ethics and Copyright Assessment

     Amid growing concerns from artists, writers, and other creators about AI models infringing on their copyrighted works, recent research has found that top AI models generate copyrighted content at an alarmingly high rate. Patronus AI, a startup founded by former Meta researchers, released a tool called CopyrightCatcher on Wednesday to detect potential copyright violations in large language models (LLMs).
     The company evaluated four major AI models: OpenAI’s GPT-4, Anthropic’s Claude 2.1, Mistral’s Mixtral, and Meta’s Llama 2. Of these, GPT-4 generated the most copyrighted content at 44% of the prompts, followed by Mixtral at 22%, Llama 2 at 10%, and Claude 2.1 at 8%. Patronus AI tested these models using books under copyright, including Gone Girl by Gillian Flynn and A Game of Thrones by George R.R. Martin. While some generations may fall under fair use in the U.S., GPT-4 completed book texts 60% of the time and generated the first passage 26% of the time. Mixtral generated the first passage 38% of the time and completed texts 6% of the time. Llama 2 generated both first passages and completed texts 10% of the time, while Claude 2.1 completed texts 16% of the time and generated the first passage 0% of the time.
     Rebecca Qian, cofounder and chief technology officer at Patronus AI, expressed surprise that GPT-4, widely regarded as the most powerful model, produced copyrighted content on 44% of constructed prompts. OpenAI, Mistral, Meta, and Anthropic did not immediately respond to requests for comment. Patronus AI emphasized the importance of detecting these reproductions to avoid legal risks and protect company reputations, noting that LLMs, which are trained on data including copyrighted works, can easily generate exact reproductions.

Question 2: Which AI model generated the most copyrighted content according to the research?

AI Ethics and Copyright Assessment

     Amid growing concerns from artists, writers, and other creators about AI models infringing on their copyrighted works, recent research has found that top AI models generate copyrighted content at an alarmingly high rate. Patronus AI, a startup founded by former Meta researchers, released a tool called CopyrightCatcher on Wednesday to detect potential copyright violations in large language models (LLMs).
     The company evaluated four major AI models: OpenAI’s GPT-4, Anthropic’s Claude 2.1, Mistral’s Mixtral, and Meta’s Llama 2. Of these, GPT-4 generated the most copyrighted content at 44% of the prompts, followed by Mixtral at 22%, Llama 2 at 10%, and Claude 2.1 at 8%. Patronus AI tested these models using books under copyright, including Gone Girl by Gillian Flynn and A Game of Thrones by George R.R. Martin. While some generations may fall under fair use in the U.S., GPT-4 completed book texts 60% of the time and generated the first passage 26% of the time. Mixtral generated the first passage 38% of the time and completed texts 6% of the time. Llama 2 generated both first passages and completed texts 10% of the time, while Claude 2.1 completed texts 16% of the time and generated the first passage 0% of the time.
     Rebecca Qian, cofounder and chief technology officer at Patronus AI, expressed surprise that GPT-4, widely regarded as the most powerful model, produced copyrighted content on 44% of constructed prompts. OpenAI, Mistral, Meta, and Anthropic did not immediately respond to requests for comment. Patronus AI emphasized the importance of detecting these reproductions to avoid legal risks and protect company reputations, noting that LLMs, which are trained on data including copyrighted works, can easily generate exact reproductions.

Question 3: In the study, which book was mentioned as part of the evaluation for potential copyright violations?

AI Ethics and Copyright Assessment

     Amid growing concerns from artists, writers, and other creators about AI models infringing on their copyrighted works, recent research has found that top AI models generate copyrighted content at an alarmingly high rate. Patronus AI, a startup founded by former Meta researchers, released a tool called CopyrightCatcher on Wednesday to detect potential copyright violations in large language models (LLMs).
     The company evaluated four major AI models: OpenAI’s GPT-4, Anthropic’s Claude 2.1, Mistral’s Mixtral, and Meta’s Llama 2. Of these, GPT-4 generated the most copyrighted content at 44% of the prompts, followed by Mixtral at 22%, Llama 2 at 10%, and Claude 2.1 at 8%. Patronus AI tested these models using books under copyright, including Gone Girl by Gillian Flynn and A Game of Thrones by George R.R. Martin. While some generations may fall under fair use in the U.S., GPT-4 completed book texts 60% of the time and generated the first passage 26% of the time. Mixtral generated the first passage 38% of the time and completed texts 6% of the time. Llama 2 generated both first passages and completed texts 10% of the time, while Claude 2.1 completed texts 16% of the time and generated the first passage 0% of the time.
     Rebecca Qian, cofounder and chief technology officer at Patronus AI, expressed surprise that GPT-4, widely regarded as the most powerful model, produced copyrighted content on 44% of constructed prompts. OpenAI, Mistral, Meta, and Anthropic did not immediately respond to requests for comment. Patronus AI emphasized the importance of detecting these reproductions to avoid legal risks and protect company reputations, noting that LLMs, which are trained on data including copyrighted works, can easily generate exact reproductions.

Question 4: How often did GPT-4 generate the first passage of the copyrighted books in the study?

AI Ethics and Copyright Assessment

     Amid growing concerns from artists, writers, and other creators about AI models infringing on their copyrighted works, recent research has found that top AI models generate copyrighted content at an alarmingly high rate. Patronus AI, a startup founded by former Meta researchers, released a tool called CopyrightCatcher on Wednesday to detect potential copyright violations in large language models (LLMs).
     The company evaluated four major AI models: OpenAI’s GPT-4, Anthropic’s Claude 2.1, Mistral’s Mixtral, and Meta’s Llama 2. Of these, GPT-4 generated the most copyrighted content at 44% of the prompts, followed by Mixtral at 22%, Llama 2 at 10%, and Claude 2.1 at 8%. Patronus AI tested these models using books under copyright, including Gone Girl by Gillian Flynn and A Game of Thrones by George R.R. Martin. While some generations may fall under fair use in the U.S., GPT-4 completed book texts 60% of the time and generated the first passage 26% of the time. Mixtral generated the first passage 38% of the time and completed texts 6% of the time. Llama 2 generated both first passages and completed texts 10% of the time, while Claude 2.1 completed texts 16% of the time and generated the first passage 0% of the time.
     Rebecca Qian, cofounder and chief technology officer at Patronus AI, expressed surprise that GPT-4, widely regarded as the most powerful model, produced copyrighted content on 44% of constructed prompts. OpenAI, Mistral, Meta, and Anthropic did not immediately respond to requests for comment. Patronus AI emphasized the importance of detecting these reproductions to avoid legal risks and protect company reputations, noting that LLMs, which are trained on data including copyrighted works, can easily generate exact reproductions.

Question 5: Who is the cofounder and chief technology officer at Patronus AI?

AI Ethics and Copyright Assessment

     Amid growing concerns from artists, writers, and other creators about AI models infringing on their copyrighted works, recent research has found that top AI models generate copyrighted content at an alarmingly high rate. Patronus AI, a startup founded by former Meta researchers, released a tool called CopyrightCatcher on Wednesday to detect potential copyright violations in large language models (LLMs).
     The company evaluated four major AI models: OpenAI’s GPT-4, Anthropic’s Claude 2.1, Mistral’s Mixtral, and Meta’s Llama 2. Of these, GPT-4 generated the most copyrighted content at 44% of the prompts, followed by Mixtral at 22%, Llama 2 at 10%, and Claude 2.1 at 8%. Patronus AI tested these models using books under copyright, including Gone Girl by Gillian Flynn and A Game of Thrones by George R.R. Martin. While some generations may fall under fair use in the U.S., GPT-4 completed book texts 60% of the time and generated the first passage 26% of the time. Mixtral generated the first passage 38% of the time and completed texts 6% of the time. Llama 2 generated both first passages and completed texts 10% of the time, while Claude 2.1 completed texts 16% of the time and generated the first passage 0% of the time.
     Rebecca Qian, cofounder and chief technology officer at Patronus AI, expressed surprise that GPT-4, widely regarded as the most powerful model, produced copyrighted content on 44% of constructed prompts. OpenAI, Mistral, Meta, and Anthropic did not immediately respond to requests for comment. Patronus AI emphasized the importance of detecting these reproductions to avoid legal risks and protect company reputations, noting that LLMs, which are trained on data including copyrighted works, can easily generate exact reproductions.

Question 6: How many major AI models were evaluated by Patronus AI in the research?

AI Ethics and Copyright Assessment

     Amid growing concerns from artists, writers, and other creators about AI models infringing on their copyrighted works, recent research has found that top AI models generate copyrighted content at an alarmingly high rate. Patronus AI, a startup founded by former Meta researchers, released a tool called CopyrightCatcher on Wednesday to detect potential copyright violations in large language models (LLMs).
     The company evaluated four major AI models: OpenAI’s GPT-4, Anthropic’s Claude 2.1, Mistral’s Mixtral, and Meta’s Llama 2. Of these, GPT-4 generated the most copyrighted content at 44% of the prompts, followed by Mixtral at 22%, Llama 2 at 10%, and Claude 2.1 at 8%. Patronus AI tested these models using books under copyright, including Gone Girl by Gillian Flynn and A Game of Thrones by George R.R. Martin. While some generations may fall under fair use in the U.S., GPT-4 completed book texts 60% of the time and generated the first passage 26% of the time. Mixtral generated the first passage 38% of the time and completed texts 6% of the time. Llama 2 generated both first passages and completed texts 10% of the time, while Claude 2.1 completed texts 16% of the time and generated the first passage 0% of the time.
     Rebecca Qian, cofounder and chief technology officer at Patronus AI, expressed surprise that GPT-4, widely regarded as the most powerful model, produced copyrighted content on 44% of constructed prompts. OpenAI, Mistral, Meta, and Anthropic did not immediately respond to requests for comment. Patronus AI emphasized the importance of detecting these reproductions to avoid legal risks and protect company reputations, noting that LLMs, which are trained on data including copyrighted works, can easily generate exact reproductions.

Question 7: Which AI model completed texts 16% of the time according to the study?

AI Ethics and Copyright Assessment

     Amid growing concerns from artists, writers, and other creators about AI models infringing on their copyrighted works, recent research has found that top AI models generate copyrighted content at an alarmingly high rate. Patronus AI, a startup founded by former Meta researchers, released a tool called CopyrightCatcher on Wednesday to detect potential copyright violations in large language models (LLMs).
     The company evaluated four major AI models: OpenAI’s GPT-4, Anthropic’s Claude 2.1, Mistral’s Mixtral, and Meta’s Llama 2. Of these, GPT-4 generated the most copyrighted content at 44% of the prompts, followed by Mixtral at 22%, Llama 2 at 10%, and Claude 2.1 at 8%. Patronus AI tested these models using books under copyright, including Gone Girl by Gillian Flynn and A Game of Thrones by George R.R. Martin. While some generations may fall under fair use in the U.S., GPT-4 completed book texts 60% of the time and generated the first passage 26% of the time. Mixtral generated the first passage 38% of the time and completed texts 6% of the time. Llama 2 generated both first passages and completed texts 10% of the time, while Claude 2.1 completed texts 16% of the time and generated the first passage 0% of the time.
     Rebecca Qian, cofounder and chief technology officer at Patronus AI, expressed surprise that GPT-4, widely regarded as the most powerful model, produced copyrighted content on 44% of constructed prompts. OpenAI, Mistral, Meta, and Anthropic did not immediately respond to requests for comment. Patronus AI emphasized the importance of detecting these reproductions to avoid legal risks and protect company reputations, noting that LLMs, which are trained on data including copyrighted works, can easily generate exact reproductions.

Question 8: What is the percentage of prompts that Mixtral generated the first passage in the study?

I went on a trip to the countryside and had my first experience _______ farm work.

We usually spend our holiday in the village _______ our grandparents live.

I think country life is so boring and _______ because you’re not close to shops and services.

On the farm, uncle Duong showed us how to _______ cucumbers.

Mongolian children start to learn _______ before they can walk.

On the side of the road, a herd boy was herding _______.

Mongolian children learn to ride when they are _______ as three years old.

Does your new stereo play music _______ than your old one did?

Countryside is not polluted _______ you can breathe there fresh air.

‘Children in my village often fly their kites in dry rice fields.’ ‘_______'

Farzana did poor on her algebra quiz because she couldn’t concentrate well.

The test was more difficult than I expected. I could finish it at least 20 minutes early.

Although the island has no clean water and electric, it attracts lots of tourists.

The bee can easy sting anyone coming close to their beehives.

I love farm work, such as digging holes, sowing seeds and I pick fruit.

She is boring with the silent surrounding because she used to live in a big city.

Life in the countryside is much peaceful and the life is also slower.

Nomadic children learn riding a horse when they are very small.

     Although the city seems to have a lot of great things, the country can offer as (1)_________ satisfaction as well. The country is a marvelous place to live in. It offers a very relaxing feeling and it is filled (2)_________ magnificent views and scenery. Rural towns offer more open space than cities and aren’t overcrowded. The country can also maybe help you become a more independent and (3)_________ person. You can buy a small piece of land, plough it and put some (4)_________ in order to grow your own vegetables. This way you (5)_________ your own crops, and eat and live in a very healthy way. (6)_________, being in the countryside makes you more of an outdoor person often enjoying the voices and wild places of nature. Not everyone is (7)_________ to the city life and not everyone has the desire to live permanently in the countryside. It is a matter of perspective and personal point of (8)_________.

     Although the city seems to have a lot of great things, the country can offer as (1)_________ satisfaction as well. The country is a marvelous place to live in. It offers a very relaxing feeling and it is filled (2)_________ magnificent views and scenery. Rural towns offer more open space than cities and aren’t overcrowded. The country can also maybe help you become a more independent and (3)_________ person. You can buy a small piece of land, plough it and put some (4)_________ in order to grow your own vegetables. This way you (5)_________ your own crops, and eat and live in a very healthy way. (6)_________, being in the countryside makes you more of an outdoor person often enjoying the voices and wild places of nature. Not everyone is (7)_________ to the city life and not everyone has the desire to live permanently in the countryside. It is a matter of perspective and personal point of (8)_________.

     Although the city seems to have a lot of great things, the country can offer as (1)_________ satisfaction as well. The country is a marvelous place to live in. It offers a very relaxing feeling and it is filled (2)_________ magnificent views and scenery. Rural towns offer more open space than cities and aren’t overcrowded. The country can also maybe help you become a more independent and (3)_________ person. You can buy a small piece of land, plough it and put some (4)_________ in order to grow your own vegetables. This way you (5)_________ your own crops, and eat and live in a very healthy way. (6)_________, being in the countryside makes you more of an outdoor person often enjoying the voices and wild places of nature. Not everyone is (7)_________ to the city life and not everyone has the desire to live permanently in the countryside. It is a matter of perspective and personal point of (8)_________.

     Although the city seems to have a lot of great things, the country can offer as (1)_________ satisfaction as well. The country is a marvelous place to live in. It offers a very relaxing feeling and it is filled (2)_________ magnificent views and scenery. Rural towns offer more open space than cities and aren’t overcrowded. The country can also maybe help you become a more independent and (3)_________ person. You can buy a small piece of land, plough it and put some (4)_________ in order to grow your own vegetables. This way you (5)_________ your own crops, and eat and live in a very healthy way. (6)_________, being in the countryside makes you more of an outdoor person often enjoying the voices and wild places of nature. Not everyone is (7)_________ to the city life and not everyone has the desire to live permanently in the countryside. It is a matter of perspective and personal point of (8)_________.

     Although the city seems to have a lot of great things, the country can offer as (1)_________ satisfaction as well. The country is a marvelous place to live in. It offers a very relaxing feeling and it is filled (2)_________ magnificent views and scenery. Rural towns offer more open space than cities and aren’t overcrowded. The country can also maybe help you become a more independent and (3)_________ person. You can buy a small piece of land, plough it and put some (4)_________ in order to grow your own vegetables. This way you (5)_________ your own crops, and eat and live in a very healthy way. (6)_________, being in the countryside makes you more of an outdoor person often enjoying the voices and wild places of nature. Not everyone is (7)_________ to the city life and not everyone has the desire to live permanently in the countryside. It is a matter of perspective and personal point of (8)_________.

     Although the city seems to have a lot of great things, the country can offer as (1)_________ satisfaction as well. The country is a marvelous place to live in. It offers a very relaxing feeling and it is filled (2)_________ magnificent views and scenery. Rural towns offer more open space than cities and aren’t overcrowded. The country can also maybe help you become a more independent and (3)_________ person. You can buy a small piece of land, plough it and put some (4)_________ in order to grow your own vegetables. This way you (5)_________ your own crops, and eat and live in a very healthy way. (6)_________, being in the countryside makes you more of an outdoor person often enjoying the voices and wild places of nature. Not everyone is (7)_________ to the city life and not everyone has the desire to live permanently in the countryside. It is a matter of perspective and personal point of (8)_________.

     Although the city seems to have a lot of great things, the country can offer as (1)_________ satisfaction as well. The country is a marvelous place to live in. It offers a very relaxing feeling and it is filled (2)_________ magnificent views and scenery. Rural towns offer more open space than cities and aren’t overcrowded. The country can also maybe help you become a more independent and (3)_________ person. You can buy a small piece of land, plough it and put some (4)_________ in order to grow your own vegetables. This way you (5)_________ your own crops, and eat and live in a very healthy way. (6)_________, being in the countryside makes you more of an outdoor person often enjoying the voices and wild places of nature. Not everyone is (7)_________ to the city life and not everyone has the desire to live permanently in the countryside. It is a matter of perspective and personal point of (8)_________.

     Although the city seems to have a lot of great things, the country can offer as (1)_________ satisfaction as well. The country is a marvelous place to live in. It offers a very relaxing feeling and it is filled (2)_________ magnificent views and scenery. Rural towns offer more open space than cities and aren’t overcrowded. The country can also maybe help you become a more independent and (3)_________ person. You can buy a small piece of land, plough it and put some (4)_________ in order to grow your own vegetables. This way you (5)_________ your own crops, and eat and live in a very healthy way. (6)_________, being in the countryside makes you more of an outdoor person often enjoying the voices and wild places of nature. Not everyone is (7)_________ to the city life and not everyone has the desire to live permanently in the countryside. It is a matter of perspective and personal point of (8)_________.

     For 3,000 years, Mongolians have lived in the rural areas, adopting a pastoral way of life, moving in the search of new pastures. They depend largely on their livestock for a living and sustain themselves with what they can get from the land. Today, approximately half of Mongolia’s population is still roaming the vast plains living in the ger and moving their campings several times a year. Nomadic life thrives in summer and survives in winter. When temperatures are warm, they work hard on their farms to get milk and make airag, consuming meat from their sheeps and goats. Once winter comes, temperatures dip extremely low and they stay indoors and survive on horse meat.
     With the rise of technology, changes in the Mongolian nomadic lifestyle are almost inevitable. While they still lead their lifestyle as pastoral herders, many use motorbikes to herd cattle and horses. To move their homes, trucks have taken the place of ox carts. Solar panels are also becoming an addition to the ger, giving them access to electricity without being confined to one place. The nomads use solar energy to power television sets and mobile phones.

     For 3,000 years, Mongolians have lived in the rural areas, adopting a pastoral way of life, moving in the search of new pastures. They depend largely on their livestock for a living and sustain themselves with what they can get from the land. Today, approximately half of Mongolia’s population is still roaming the vast plains living in the ger and moving their campings several times a year. Nomadic life thrives in summer and survives in winter. When temperatures are warm, they work hard on their farms to get milk and make airag, consuming meat from their sheeps and goats. Once winter comes, temperatures dip extremely low and they stay indoors and survive on horse meat.
     With the rise of technology, changes in the Mongolian nomadic lifestyle are almost inevitable. While they still lead their lifestyle as pastoral herders, many use motorbikes to herd cattle and horses. To move their homes, trucks have taken the place of ox carts. Solar panels are also becoming an addition to the ger, giving them access to electricity without being confined to one place. The nomads use solar energy to power television sets and mobile phones.

     For 3,000 years, Mongolians have lived in the rural areas, adopting a pastoral way of life, moving in the search of new pastures. They depend largely on their livestock for a living and sustain themselves with what they can get from the land. Today, approximately half of Mongolia’s population is still roaming the vast plains living in the ger and moving their campings several times a year. Nomadic life thrives in summer and survives in winter. When temperatures are warm, they work hard on their farms to get milk and make airag, consuming meat from their sheeps and goats. Once winter comes, temperatures dip extremely low and they stay indoors and survive on horse meat.
     With the rise of technology, changes in the Mongolian nomadic lifestyle are almost inevitable. While they still lead their lifestyle as pastoral herders, many use motorbikes to herd cattle and horses. To move their homes, trucks have taken the place of ox carts. Solar panels are also becoming an addition to the ger, giving them access to electricity without being confined to one place. The nomads use solar energy to power television sets and mobile phones.

     For 3,000 years, Mongolians have lived in the rural areas, adopting a pastoral way of life, moving in the search of new pastures. They depend largely on their livestock for a living and sustain themselves with what they can get from the land. Today, approximately half of Mongolia’s population is still roaming the vast plains living in the ger and moving their campings several times a year. Nomadic life thrives in summer and survives in winter. When temperatures are warm, they work hard on their farms to get milk and make airag, consuming meat from their sheeps and goats. Once winter comes, temperatures dip extremely low and they stay indoors and survive on horse meat.
     With the rise of technology, changes in the Mongolian nomadic lifestyle are almost inevitable. While they still lead their lifestyle as pastoral herders, many use motorbikes to herd cattle and horses. To move their homes, trucks have taken the place of ox carts. Solar panels are also becoming an addition to the ger, giving them access to electricity without being confined to one place. The nomads use solar energy to power television sets and mobile phones.

     For 3,000 years, Mongolians have lived in the rural areas, adopting a pastoral way of life, moving in the search of new pastures. They depend largely on their livestock for a living and sustain themselves with what they can get from the land. Today, approximately half of Mongolia’s population is still roaming the vast plains living in the ger and moving their campings several times a year. Nomadic life thrives in summer and survives in winter. When temperatures are warm, they work hard on their farms to get milk and make airag, consuming meat from their sheeps and goats. Once winter comes, temperatures dip extremely low and they stay indoors and survive on horse meat.
     With the rise of technology, changes in the Mongolian nomadic lifestyle are almost inevitable. While they still lead their lifestyle as pastoral herders, many use motorbikes to herd cattle and horses. To move their homes, trucks have taken the place of ox carts. Solar panels are also becoming an addition to the ger, giving them access to electricity without being confined to one place. The nomads use solar energy to power television sets and mobile phones.

     For 3,000 years, Mongolians have lived in the rural areas, adopting a pastoral way of life, moving in the search of new pastures. They depend largely on their livestock for a living and sustain themselves with what they can get from the land. Today, approximately half of Mongolia’s population is still roaming the vast plains living in the ger and moving their campings several times a year. Nomadic life thrives in summer and survives in winter. When temperatures are warm, they work hard on their farms to get milk and make airag, consuming meat from their sheeps and goats. Once winter comes, temperatures dip extremely low and they stay indoors and survive on horse meat.
     With the rise of technology, changes in the Mongolian nomadic lifestyle are almost inevitable. While they still lead their lifestyle as pastoral herders, many use motorbikes to herd cattle and horses. To move their homes, trucks have taken the place of ox carts. Solar panels are also becoming an addition to the ger, giving them access to electricity without being confined to one place. The nomads use solar energy to power television sets and mobile phones.

The farmers loaded the rice straw _________ buffalo drawn carts.

She is always envious _________ her cousin’s long blond hair.

Would you like to visit the countryside _________ harvest time?

The computer provides access _________ all the information.

Last summer holiday I went _________ a trip _________ the countryside.